Finance matters
Continuing the theme from the first issue, this article also examines
benefits for children, but from a different perspective.
Inheritance Tax
Possibly one of the worst kinds of tax is Inheritance Tax (IHT),
effectively a form of double taxation. When someone dies, their
assets (estate) are assessed for IHT. If the value is greater
than £275,000 (nil rate band for 2005/2006) after deduction
of small annual allowances, then, unless the assets are passed
on to the spouse or a charity, the Inland Revenue mormally charges
IHT at 40% on the excess.
Fortunately there are a number of ways to reduce the tax or eliminate
it altogether. The most obvious ways are to give some of your assets
away before you die or make regular gifts from surplus income.
There are also some allowances that you can use without any IHT
implications. For example, the annual allowance of £3,000,
plus any number of small value gifts (up to £250 each) and
certain wedding gifts. Larger value gifts can be made, but you
must then survive seven years for them to reduce the tax liability
on your estate.
You must not be perceived to gain any benefit from a gift, otherwise
you will be deemed to have made a 'gift with reservation', which
will negate any IHT reduction (even if made many years ago). For
example, you might give a painting to your children but keep it
on your wall, or you might give a way a holiday home but continue
to use it for your own holidays (without paying a market rent).
Married couples usually leave their estates to each other, but
this often results in the 'waste' of the nil rate band belonging
to the first of the couple to die. For a couple with assets valued
at £550,000 (double nil rate band) the amount of tax due
when the second partner dies would be £110,000. You can
avoid this by using an appropriately worded Will, and if your house
is your major asset, ensuring you both on it as 'tenants in common'
(not 'jointly').
There are many situations where IHT can be reduced by using trusts.
These are generally used to gift an investment away while retaining
some benefit from it, e.g. by continuing to receive income from
it. Gifting into a trust usually still requires you to live seven
years to be effective. IHT planning,, should therefore, always
be started 'sooner rather than later'.
However, one type of trust scheme (discounted gift trust) can
give an immediate reduction in IHT liability. Furthermore, some
IHT reduction can also take place up to two years after death,
by changing the provisions of the Will.
IHT planning can be a very complex area and professional advice
should always be sought to ensure that you achieve the desired
effect.
Future Articles
If you would like information on the topic covered, please contact
me (details as per BV Services advertisement). Please note this article
contains general information only and should not be viewed as specific
advice.
John Bramwell BV Services is authorised and regulated by the Financial
Services Authority
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